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| Walls: The walls are usually built with 2X4 "studs" spaced 16" on center. The framers will build each wall on the ground, cut & frame the openings for the doors & windows, and then lift up the walls and nail them in place
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| There are two main type of wall framing: |
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Balloon Framing: a method in which long continuous framing members (studs) "run" from sill plate to eave line. Once popular when long lumber was plentiful, balloon framing has been largely replaced by platform framing.
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Platform framing: In this currently popular type of wall design, the studs extend from the floor joist to a horizontal double top plate at ceiling height, and a second wall (cripple wall) is being built on top of the top plate, all the way up to the roof ra
fters.
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| Shear Walls: Almost every structure designed these days will include walls composed of braced panels (also known as shear walls) to counter the effects of lateral load acting on a structure by Wind and earthquake.
Sear walls are basically regular framed walls covered with structural graded plywood. Openings such as windows, doors, or any other kind, are not allowed in these kind of walls.
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Roof: A light frame structure is typically built with sloped roofing members extanding from a higher centered ridge towards the exterior walls of the building. This type of of roof is known as "A-Frame". read more...
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The roof structure can be built to size on site with rafters, ridge beams and ridge boards. or, assembled with pre-fabricated sections called trusses. Truss roof is usually faster to install, and lower in cost, while custom frame allows more freedom when designing your attic space for storage, furnace instillation, and more.
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